Đề thi tuyển sinh vào lớp 10 THPT Chuyên Lam Sơn, Thanh Hóa môn Tiếng Anh (Chuyên) năm học 2022-2023 bản PDF

and it will start to cool. Gravity will finally pull the Sun into a small, cold ball called a white dwarf. There will be no heat and very little light, and the solar system will be a cold, dead place. Questions 56 -- 60. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question that follows. Write A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet. 

Twenty-three million years ago, a giant carnivore larger than any modern-day lion or polar bear stalked sub-Saharan Africa, according to the fossils of a previously undiscovered species that spent decades in a museum drawer at the National Museum of Kenya. The fossils were originally found in Kenya decades ago, but at that time researchers were searching for ancient apes, so the fossils were put aside. 

The skull of the fossil is comparable to that of a rhinoceros, and given its size and giant sharp teeth, the carnivore was at the head of its food chain. Researchers estimate that it weighed 1.6 tons and could prey on large herbivores akin to today's elephant and hippopotamus. Its canine teeth and molars would have been able to tear flesh and crack bones easily. 

The researchers dubbed the newly discovered species Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, which is Swahili for "big lion coming from Africa." But it's not a close relative of lions, other big cats or even mammalian carnivores that roam the Earth today. Instead, Simbakubwa was part of the hyaenodonts, an extinct group of mammalian carnivores that lived in Africa. 

After the extinction of dinosaurs, they enjoyed a 45 million-year reign as the key predators. Additionally, tectonic plates shifted, allowing Simbakubwa to cross a landbridge into Eurasia and flourish on other continents as well. And even though they lived for millions of years, they went extinct between 15 million and 18 million years ago. 

"We don't know exactly what drove hyaenodonts to extinction, but ecosystems were changing quickly as the global climate became drier. The gigantic relatives of Simbakubwa were among the last hyaenodonts on the planet," said Matthew Borths, study author and curator of the Division of Fossil Primates at Duke University. Nancy Stevens, study co-author and professor in the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine at Ohio University, noted in a statement that "This is a pivotal fossil, demonstrating the significance of museum collections for understanding evolutionary history. Simbakubwa is a window into a bygone era. As ecosystems shifted, a key predator disappeared, heralding Cenozoic faunal transitions that eventually led to the evolution of the modern African fauna." 

(Adapted from https://edition.cnn.com) 

56. Which of the following does the passage primarily concern? 

A. The characteristics of an ancient species called hyaenodonts. B. The study of fossils and ancient dinosaurs in Kenya. 

C. The discovery of an ancient carnivore's fossils in Africa. 

D. The largest and oldest living carnivore. 

57. What does the word "akin" in the second paragraph most likely mean? 

A. hostile 

B. similar 

C. dangerous 

D. independent 

C. the food chain 

D. the carnivore 

58. What does the word "it" in the second paragraph refer to? 

B. the skull 

A. a rhinoceros 59. Which of the following is TRUE about Simbakubwa? 

6 

A. They bear little relation to modern-day big cats or mammalian carnivores. B. They reigned over many species including dinosaurs for 45 million years. C. They originated in areas outside the continent of Africa. 

D. They suffered from negative effects caused by the movement of tectonic plates. 60. What can be inferred from Matthew Borths' view in the last paragraph? 

A. Drier global climate had almost no effect on ecosystems. 

B. Shifting ecosystems probably contributed to the extinction of hyaenodonts. C. Researchers have determined the exact reason why hyaenodonts went extinct. D. The gigantic relatives of Simbakubwa were last seen in Africa 

Questions 61-70. Read the passage and choose the most suitable word from the ones given below to fill in each gap. Write A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet. 

huge benefit to the consumer. Far There can be no question that online shopping is (61) from becoming (62) 

online shoppers are very demanding. Overpriced merchants with poor services should beware. Gone are the days when stores could charge what they liked for goods and get away with it. The same, too, for shady manufacturers: smarter consumers know which products have a good (63)________ and which do not, because online they now read not only the sales (64) ________ but also reviews from previous purchasers. And if customers are disappointed, a few clicks of the mouse will take them to places where they can let the world know. Nowadays there is nothing more damning than a flood of negative comments on the 

Internet. 

(65)______ the big boys, as always, are ahead of the game. Some companies are already adjusting their business models to take account of these trends. The stores run by Sony and Apple, for instance, are more like brand showrooms than shops. They are there for people to try out (66) _______ and to ask questions to knowledgeable staff. Whether the products are ultimately bought online or offline is of secondary importance. 

Online traders must also adjust. Amazon, for one, is (67) __________ turning from being primarily a bookseller to becoming a (68) retailer by letting other companies sell products on its site, rather like a marketplace. During America's Thanksgiving weekend last November, Amazon's sales of consumer electronics in the United States (69) _________ its book sales for the first time in its history. Other transformations in the retail business are (70) 

C. with 

to follow. 

D. in 

C. competent 

D. complacent 

D. resolution 

D. blurb 

D. Also 

D. devices 

C. opinion C. blare 

C. Though 

C. emblems 

61. A. for 

B. of 

62. A. compassionate 

B. dissatisfied 

63. A. distinction 

B. reputation 

64. A. bubble 

B. message 

65. A. Moreover 

B. However 

66. A. schemes 

B. tools 

B. unreasonably 

C. rapidly 

68. A. mass 

B. block 

C. lump 

D. chunk 

69. A. receded 

B. exceeded 

C. repressed 

70. A. tied 

B. secured 

C. bound 

67. A. mistakenly 

D. secretly 

D. excluded 

D. fastened