ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TỈNH THPT, QUẢNG NAM NĂM HỌC 2021 – 2022 Môn thi TIẾNG ANH 11 (CHUYÊN)

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71. What point does the writer make about finding Viking sails? 

A. Written records did not provide any useful information. 

B. Most Viking sails were believed to have been destroyed the fire. 

C. Viking sails had frequently been reused for other purposes. 

D. Archaeologists had not realized where sails might be kept. 

72. When Amy Lightfoot was asked to make her first woolen sail, her problem was that _____. A. she could obtain no first - hand information about the construction of such sails B. she had to substitute a poorer quality material for Viking sailcloth 

C. there were no other people in the textile field that she could consult 

D. the Coastal Museum had unrealistic expectations of who could make it 73. The word “saturated” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _____. 

A. brought B. made C. filled D. linked 74. According to the passage, the word ‘This’ in paragraph 3 refers to _____. A. the quality of the wool 

B. historical and radiocarbon data 

C. burning the heather 

D. keeping down the heather 

75. What is told about the sail in paragraph 3? 

A. The quality of the cloth depended on the type of boat. 

B. The wool used was taken from one type of sheep. 

C. The wool required the addition of a waterproof substance. 

D. In some ways the cloth used was superior to modern textile. 

76. What is told about land management in paragraph 3? 

A. Farmers did not appreciate the long - term results of preventing tree growth. B. Farmers knew it was essential to encourage the spread of heather. 

C. Disasters such as fire sometimes interfered with land management. 

D. Summer grass became more plentiful because of the sheep. 

77. Why did it take Amy Lightfoot so long to make the sail for the Sara Kjerstine? A. One type of wool she used was of inferior quality. 

B. She had underestimated the number of sheep required. 

C. It was not possible to use modern production methods in the process. D. The sail was of a large size than the one at Trondenes. 

78. According to the passage, the word ‘trivial’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____. A. insignificant B. important C. outstanding D. serious 79. In paragraph 5, what does Amy Lightfoot imply? 

A. The traditional interpretation of Danish history was misleading. 

B. Archaeologists had not appreciated the number of ships the Vikings had. C. The amount of time spent on the making of the Sara Kjerstine sail was unnecessary. D. The role of women in Viking expansion to the West has been overlooked. 

80. What point is exemplified by the reference to the Roskilde museum’s latest ship? A. It is ironic that the museum cannot replicate the same quality cloth that the Vikings had. B. It is unlikely that the Vikings would have sailed on the same route to Ireland. C. It is possible that the replica ship may succeed where the original failed. D. It is surprising that modern sails are not more similar in structure to traditional ones

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PART 4: For questions 81 - 90, read the passage and do the tasks that follow (10 points).  WILLPOWER 

A. Although willpower does not shape our decisions, it determines whether and how long we  can follow through on them. It almost single - handedly determines life outcomes. Interestingly,  research suggests the general population is indeed aware of how essential willpower is to their  wellbeing; survey participants routinely identify a ‘lack of willpower’ as the major impediment  to making beneficial life changes. There are, however, misunderstandings surrounding the nature  of willpower and how we can acquire more of it. There is a widespread misperception, for  example, that increased leisure time would lead to subsequent increases in willpower. 

B. Although the concept of willpower is often explained through single - word terms, such as  ‘resolve’ or ‘drive’, it refers in fact to a variety of behaviors and situations. There is a common  perception that willpower entails resisting some kind of a ‘treat’, such as a sugary drink or a lazy  morning in bed, in favor of decisions that we know are better for us, such as drinking water or  going to the gym. Of course, this is a familiar phenomenon for all. Yet willpower also involves  elements such as overriding negative thought processes, biting your tongue in social situations, or  persevering through a difficult activity. At the heart of any exercise of willpower, however, is the  notion of ‘delayed gratification’, which involves resisting immediate satisfaction for a course that  will yield greater or more permanent satisfaction in the long run. 

C. Scientists are making general investigations into why some individuals are better able than  others to delay gratification and thus employ their willpower, but the genetic or environmental  origins of this ability remain a mystery for now. Some groups who are particularly vulnerable to reduced willpower capacity, such as those with addictive personalities, may claim a biological  origin for their problems. What is clear is that levels of willpower typically remain consistent over  time (studies tracking individuals from early childhood to their adult years demonstrate a  remarkable consistency in willpower abilities). In the short term, however, our ability to draw on  willpower can fluctuate dramatically due to factors such as fatigue, diet and stress. Indeed,  research by Matthew Gailliot suggests that willpower, even in the absence of physical activity,  both requires and drains blood glucose levels, suggesting that willpower operates more or less  like a ‘muscle’, and, like a muscle, requires fuel for optimum functioning.  

D. These observations lead to an important question: if the strength of our willpower at the age  of thirty - five is somehow pegged to our ability at the age of four, are all efforts to improve our  willpower certain to prove futile? According to newer research, this is not necessarily the case.  Gregory M. Walton, for example, found that a single verbal cue – telling research participants  how strenuous mental tasks could ‘energize’ them for further challenging activities – made a  profound difference in terms of how much willpower participants could draw upon to complete  the activity. Just as our willpower is easily drained by negative influences, it appears that  willpower can also be boosted by other prompts, such as encouragement or optimistic self - talk. 

E. Strengthening willpower thus relies on a two - pronged approach: reducing negative  influences and improving positive ones. One of the most popular and effective methods simply  involves avoiding willpower depletion triggers, and is based on the old adage, ‘out of sight, out  of mind’. In one study, workers who kept a bowl of enticing candy on their desks were far more  likely to indulge than those who placed it in a desk drawer. It also appears that finding sources of  motivation from within us may be important. In another study, Mark Muraven found that those  who felt compelled by an external authority to exert self - control experienced far greater rates of