ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 CHUYÊN TRƯỜNG THPT CHU VĂN AN & HÀ NỘI AMSTERDAM NĂM HỌC 2015-2016

What matters is what happens to them after use. Enormous numbers end up being buried or burnt, which is

an enormous waste of the oil products which have gone into their manufacture. (37) ______________ Turtles

mistake them for their jellyfish food and choke on them; birds mistake them for fish with similar consequences;

dolphins have been found with plastic bags preventing them breathing properly.

The wildlife film-maker Rebecca Hosking was shocked by the effects of the bags on birds on the Pacific

island of Midway. She found that two-fifths of the 500,000 albatross chicks born each year die, the vast majority

from swallowing plastic that their parents have mistakenly brought back as food. As a result, she started a

movement to turn her home town into the first community in the country to be free off plastic bags. Many local

residents and shopkeepers joined in, and the idea of getting rid of them completely soon spread to other towns

and villages.

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Although some people remain unconvinced, it does seem possible that the entire country could eventually

become plastic-bag free. Who could have imagined half-a-century ago that our public places would one day all

become cigarette-smoke free? Or that we would all be using lead-free petrol? Who would have thought even a

decade ago, come to that, that about two-thirds of us would by now be actively involved in recycling? (38)

______________.

What is needed is a general change in consumer attitudes, towards the habit of using re-usable shopping bags.

Older people will remember how this used to be entirely normal as every household had a ‘shopping bag’, a strong

bag which was used to carry items bought in the daily trip to the shops. (39) ______________ Today, many of us

tend to drive to the supermarket once a week and fill up the car with seven days’ worth of supplies, for which

plastic bags, of course, are fantastically useful. It’s a hard habit to break.

However, there has already been a big drop in plastic bag use, partly because the leading supermarkets and

other shopkeepers are making a major effort to help us give up the habit, with a whole variety of new ideas. (40)

______________ It is clear that habits are starting to change; reusable bags are more visible than they were even

two years ago.

Many believe there should be a tax on plastic bags, and the government of a number of countries are

considering the idea. What people have in mind is the example of Ireland, where a tax of €0.22 was introduced

on all plastic bags, the first of its kind in the world.

A. Major changes in public opinion and behavior

can certainly occur.

B. On land they are everywhere, too.

C. These range from cheap ‘bags for life’ offers to

bag-free check outs.

D. Worse still, billions get into the environment,

especially the ocean environment, where they

become a terrible threat to wildlife.

E. But there was a very different pattern of

household shopping then: the purchase of a much

smaller number of items, on a daily basis, after a

walk to small, local shops.

F. She realized then that it was too late to do

anything about this man-made disaster.

II – Read the following text and circle the correct answer A, B, C or D which best fits each gap.

Tourism is the fastest-growing industry in the world. As well as bringing prosperity to an area, however, it

can also destroy the qualities which (41) ______________ visitors in the first place. If it is not carefully controlled,

tourism can also (42) ______________ problems for local people, as is shown by various examples from around

the world.

When Phuket in Thailand first became a popular tourist (43) ______________, people there were unable to

cope with the increase in rubbish that two million visitors a year (44) ______________ and a huge incinerator

had to be built in the countryside to deal with it. New hotels at Goa in India caused a huge increase in water

consumption, (45) ______________ many local people to walk considerable distances to get clean water. And

Egypt’s desert landscapes are being destroyed by the litter dropped by tourists. Moving sands are difficult to clean,

and the white desert to the west of the Nile Valley may be permanently (46) ______________.

It’s encouraging, therefore, to read about the (47) ______________ of certain tour companies who are

organizing environmental holidays in some of the worst hit areas. Regular tours now go to places (48)

______________ the Himalayas and Atlas mountains in North Africa with the (49) ______________ of

combining a bit of sightseeing with the chance to help (50) ______________ some of the mess left by previous

visitors.

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41. A. convinced B. persuaded C. atracted D. appealed

42. A. create B. form C. lead D. invent

43. A. position B. destination C. terminus D. departure

44. A. reject B. produce C. establish D. involve

45. A. encouraging B. making C. forcing D. urging

46. A. injured B. touched C. influenced D. affected

47. A. efforts B. obstacles C. strains D. duties

48. A. as well as B. as for C. such as D. so as to

49. A. hope B. plan C. wish D. aim

50. A. rub out B. care for C. clear up D. break off