{"id":4031,"date":"2023-04-14T19:56:24","date_gmt":"2023-04-14T12:56:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tailieudieuky.com\/baiviet\/document\/de-thi-chon-hoc-sinh-gioi-tinh-thcs-tinh-dak-lak-mon-tieng-anh-9-thcs-nam-hoc-2017-2018-co-dap-an-copy\/"},"modified":"2023-06-17T19:54:58","modified_gmt":"2023-06-17T12:54:58","slug":"thpt-chuyen-vinh-phuc-de-thi-chon-doi-tuyen-hsg-12-cap-tinh-lan-1-nam-hoc-2018-2019-co-dap-an","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tailieudieuky.com\/baiviet\/document\/thpt-chuyen-vinh-phuc-de-thi-chon-doi-tuyen-hsg-12-cap-tinh-lan-1-nam-hoc-2018-2019-co-dap-an\/","title":{"rendered":"THPT CHUY\u00caN V\u0128NH PH\u00daC &#8211; \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N HSG 12 C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH L\u1ea6N 1 N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2018-2019 C\u00d3 \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 thi ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec3n HSG 12 c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a THPT Chuy\u00ean V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac n\u0103m h\u1ecdc 2018-2019 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng file PDF t\u1ea1i website T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u di\u1ec7u k\u1ef3 &#8211; m\u1ed9t trang web chia s\u1ebb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Ti\u1ebfng Anh h\u1eefu \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u00f4n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u1ef3 thi HSG Qu\u1ed1c gia THPT m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\r\n\n\r\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 thi n\u00e0y, trang web T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u di\u1ec7u k\u1ef3 c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Ti\u1ebfng Anh kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn luy\u1ec7n thi TOEFL, IELTS, TOEIC v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 Ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\r\n\n\n\n\r\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1tDl_flM84VgLytZvsrVkWPdd0F2x6Rt_\/preview\" width=\"780\" height=\"480\"><\/iframe><\/p>\r\n\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\n<p>Tr\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung &#8220;<b>THPT CHUY\u00caN V\u0128NH PH\u00daC \u2013 \u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N HSG 12 C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH L\u1ea6N 1 N\u0102M H\u1eccC 2018-2019 C\u00d3 \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N<\/b>&#8220;:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 14.785003662109375pt;margin-right: 20.39324951171875pt;text-indent: -298.91400146484375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 298.91400146484375pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THPT CHUY\u00caN V\u0128NH PH\u00daC \u0110\u1ec2 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N HSG 12 C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH L\u1ea6N 1 N\u0102M H\u1eccC: 2018-2019&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 29.53700065612793pt;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(\u0110\u1ec0 THI CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">M\u00f4n thi: Ti\u1ebfng Anh&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-right: 29.6822509765625pt;text-align: right;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m b\u00e0i: 150 ph\u00fat (Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian giao \u0111\u1ec1)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. LISTENING&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2379643440246582;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 87.34735107421875pt;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. Listen to the recording and complete the note with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">FOUR BUSINESS VALUES&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"739\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:254.69998168945312pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.221000671386719pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Many business values can result in (<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">)_____________________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.819000244140625pt;margin-right: 57.81903076171875pt;text-indent: -0.0260009765625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.0260009765625pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Senior managers need to understand and deal with the potential <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(2)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">_________ that may result. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Collaboration&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.221000671386719pt;margin-right: 87.98300170898438pt;text-indent: -0.23400115966796875pt;margin-top:0.23394775390625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.23400115966796875pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">During a training course, the speaker was in a team that had to build a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(3)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">____________ Other teams experienced <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(4)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">___________ from trying to collaborate.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.3899993896484375pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The speaker&#8217;s team won because they, reduced collaboration.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.819000244140625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Sales of a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(5)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">______________ were poor because of collaboration.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 5.5579986572265625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Industriousness&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.221000671386719pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Hard work may be a bad use of various company <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(6)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">______________&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.3899993896484375pt;margin-right: 45.85003662109375pt;text-indent: -0.4550018310546875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.4550018310546875pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The word &#8216;lazy&#8217; in this context refers to people who avoid doing tasks that are <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(7)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">____________&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Creativity&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.104000091552734pt;margin-right: 72.7769775390625pt;text-indent: -0.3639984130859375pt;margin-top:0.234039306640625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.3639984130859375pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">An advertising campaign for a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(8)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">____________ was memorable but failed to boost sales. Creativity should be used as a response to a particular <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(9) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">____________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 5.5579986572265625pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Excellence&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.104000091552734pt;margin-right: 4.90704345703125pt;text-indent: -0.4029998779296875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.4029998779296875pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">According to one study, on average, pioneers had a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(10) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">____________ that was far higher than that of followers.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.467998504638672pt;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Companies that always aim at excellence may miss opportunities.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\" id=\"docs-internal-guid-4a02ebd2-7fff-8fe6-8373-59695f0a4a28\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 21.69708251953125pt;text-indent: -0.779998779296875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.779998779296875pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. You will hear two people speaking about their fondness for trains. For questions 1-5, choose the&nbsp; correct answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.2749996185302734pt;margin-right: 8.2291259765625pt;text-align: center;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1) What point does Philip make about the people who are involved in the locomotive side of trains? <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A) Some avoid doing it because its too dirty. B) Some worry about the dangers involved. C) Some find it to be an instinctive activity. D) Some only do it for the financial rewards it&nbsp; brings.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6639995574951172pt;margin-right: 10.8941650390625pt;text-indent: 0.06500053405761719pt;margin-top:0.261749267578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2) When Mike discusses why he enjoys the world of trains, what contrast does he identify between&nbsp; the different groups of people he interacts with?&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.920999526977539pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A) A difference in social status. B) A difference in ages.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9499988555908203pt;margin-right: 40.859130859375pt;text-indent: 5.334999084472656pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C) A difference in technical ability. D) A difference in motivation. 3<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">) What view is stated by Mike about how the railway has helped him in his role as a parent?&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.4173126220703125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A) It has helped him develop a closer relationship&nbsp; with his daughter.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C) It has helped him focus on his daughters career&nbsp; possibilities.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:2.2990807056427003;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B) It has taught him patience. D) It has given him stability in his life.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-right: 7.25323486328125pt;text-align: center;margin-top:2.8222808837890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4) When discussing different aspects of the railway, both speakers agree that ___________. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A) Age does not need to be a handicap. B) Both men and women are equally welcome. C) It can be quite demanding. D) Cleanliness is not the first adjective that springs to mind.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.858999252319336pt;margin-top:0.38953399658203125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5) What final conclusion do both speakers reach about volunteering on the railway?&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-right: 8.08697509765625pt;text-indent: 0.0260009765625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A) The time they have spent has been difficult but&nbsp; worth it.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.2989997863769531pt;margin-right: 51.428985595703125pt;text-indent: 0.09099960327148438pt;margin-top:0.23400115966796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C) They are better people for having been&nbsp; involved with it.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 5.14300537109375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B) They have both learnt a lot.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 5.14300537109375pt;margin-right: 1.3709716796875pt;text-indent: -0.16900634765625pt;margin-top:14.72900390625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.16900634765625pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D) It has helped them grow while at the same time&nbsp; giving them a direction for the future.<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 69.61822509765625pt;text-indent: 1.4169998168945312pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. If the work-force respected you, you wouldn&#8217;t need to _________ your authority so often. A. assert B. affirm C. maintain D. inflict 2. The factory is working below _________ because of the shortage of essential materials. A. range B. scope C. capacity D. denstiy 3. His new designs are ______ the trend in women\u2019s fashion right now.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 56.59222412109375pt;text-indent: -0.10400009155273438pt;margin-top:0.275634765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.10400009155273438pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. aiming B. setting C. building up D. following 4. She wants to give full ______ to her anger about discrimination.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 54.3172607421875pt;text-indent: -0.5200004577636719pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5200004577636719pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. manifestation B. vent C. wear D. barometer 5. Without telling her directly, they ______ that she\u2019d got the job.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 50.79425048828125pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. prophesied B. inferred C. insinuated D. intimated 6. Athletes need to have a higher _________ of protein and vitamins in order to stay heathy A. intake B. increase C. infection D. production 7. He claimed _____ from military service because he was a foreign national&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 52.21124267578125pt;text-indent: -0.6889991760253906pt;margin-top:0.26177978515625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.6889991760253906pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. liability B. exception C. demobilization D. exemption 8. It\u2019s Prime Minister\u2019s right to ______ an election at any time he likes&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 62.01324462890625pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. summon B. nominate C. call D. submit 9. The footballer never really recovered from the injury ______ at the beginning of the season. A. got B.struck C.endured D.sustained 10. The drought ________ considerable problems for farmers.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 68.09722900390625pt;text-indent: -1.4169998168945312pt;margin-top:0.261749267578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 1.4169998168945312pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. instigated B. posed C. flexed D. pressed 11. At the start of the course, everyone is assigned a(n) ________ of studies.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 53.3260498046875pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. advisor B. consultant C. counsellor D. guide 12. Jerry has been burning the midnight ________ over the last few days; his final exam is soon. A. lamp B. light C. candle D. oil 13. In my first year at university I lived in the halls of ________ .&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 20.67010498046875pt;margin-top:0.261749267578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. abode B. residence C. dwelling D. accommodation 14. Books taken from the short ________ section are due to be returned the next day. A. borrowing B. credit C. loan D. return 15. You are bound to find information on the stock market crash of 1987 in the newspaper ________ .&nbsp; A. files B. archives C. records D. collections 16. The accused confidently ________ that he was innocent.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 18.43414306640625pt;margin-top:0.267303466796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. preserved B. maintained C. conserved D. defended 17. We did our best to fix the broken computer but our efforts bore no ________.&nbsp; A. success B. fruit C. luck D. end 18. I knew my mother would ________ a face the minute she saw my new haircut. A. drag B. lift C. pull D. raise 19. There are a lot of computer programmes nowadays, but really good ones are few and far ________. A. between B. apart C. away D. amongst 20. He is such a kind and caring young boy &#8211; he wouldn\u2019t hurt a ________ .&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 18.43414306640625pt;margin-top:0.267303466796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 87.58425903320312pt;text-indent: 0.5459995269775391pt;margin-top:0.2696990966796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. bird B. worm C. fly D. bug <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. Supply the correct form of the word in bracket to complete the passage.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 3.87420654296875pt;text-indent: 0.26000022888183594pt;margin-top:0.23400115966796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The signal broke a seven-hour wait of <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(1. AGONY) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">intensity and sparked scenes of <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(2. JUBILEE) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">at the&nbsp; European Space Agency\u2019s mission control in Darmstadt. The team in charge of the Rosetta mission&nbsp; achieved what at times seemed an impossible task by landing a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(3. ROBOT) (4. CRAFT) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">on a comet for&nbsp; the first time in history. The moment the tension broke came shortly after 1600 GMT when the Philae&nbsp; called home. \u201cWe are there. We are sitting on the surface. Philae is talking to us,\u201d said a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(5. JUBILEE)<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 0.86810302734375pt;text-indent: 0.8449993133544922pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Stephan Ulamec, Philae lander manager at the DLR German space centre. \u201cWe are on the comet.\u201d Andrea Accomazzo, the Rosetta flight operations director, added: \u201cWe cannot be happier than we are now.\u201d But celebrations were tempered by the later discovery that the probe\u2019s two harpoons had not fired to&nbsp; fasten the craft down in the <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(6. LOW) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">gravity. Scientists now think the probe may have bounced after first coming into contact with the surface. Ulamec said: \u201cMaybe today we didn\u2019t just land once, we landed&nbsp; twice.\u201d The safe, if <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(7. CARE)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(8. TOUCH) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">of the lander gives scientists a unique chance to ride <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(9.&nbsp; BOARD) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">a comet and study from the surface what happens as its activity ramps up as it gets closer to the&nbsp; sun. The first images beamed back from the lander\u2019s descent revealed a dramatic <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(10. SCAPE) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">of pits and precipices, craters and boulders. However, there have been gaps in its radio link with the orbiting Rosetta&nbsp; mothership.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0.3802490234375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. There are 10 mistakes in the passage. Find and correct them.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0.3802490234375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2379643440246582;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 1.6170654296875pt;text-indent: 0.4029998779296875pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">There are numerous <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">reason <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">behind the choice of clothing we make, ranging from the practice to the bizarre, but in every likelihood humans began wearing clothes in order to shield themselves of the elements.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2379666328430174;margin-left: 1.858999252319336pt;margin-right: 1.6121826171875pt;text-indent: 0.7280006408691406pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.51776123046875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2018The Iceman\u2019, found mummifying in the ice of a glacier on the Italian-Austrian border in 1991, was still clad with remarkably well-preserved garments which would obviously have protected him from the rain and cold five thousand years ago.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2379660606384277;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 1.0142822265625pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.5177001953125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The clothing worn by people living in warmer climates further illustrates this basic function of clothing. In hot, dry desert regions, people tend to wear cool, flowing materials which cover much of body, including the head. This helps keep them cool during the heat of the day and helps to keep the wearer warm at night when temperatures increase dramatically. On the other hand, many peoples living in tropical regions, with their constant high temperatures and humidity, are sparse clothed.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.1309986114501953pt;margin-right: 3.0030517578125pt;text-indent: -0.13000106811523438pt;margin-top:0.5177001953125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.13000106811523438pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Not all clothing is functional, moreover, and at different times throughout history people, especially&nbsp; women, have worn clothes which are impractical \u2013 restricting the wearer\u2019s movements and in some cases&nbsp; cause physical discomfort. Examples of such restrictive clothing can be seen in the hooped and corseted&nbsp; gowns worn by wealthy women in the 18th century, and in the opulent, heavy robes traditionally worn by&nbsp; royalties. Such customs send a clear message that the wearer does not need to work but occupies a&nbsp; position in society that others can be commanded to work for them.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0.267333984375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Example: 0. reason <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">reasons&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">IV. Fill in the blank with ONE suitable preposition.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.4686436176300048;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-right: 85.78720092773438pt;text-indent: 1.2479991912841797pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. The school examination for eleven-year-olds was done_________ with some years ago. 2. Tuck your shirt ________your trousers.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9499988555908203pt;margin-top:1.0186767578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. At first Tim insisted he was right, but then began to back ________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.625pt;margin-top:3.928985595703125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. He is a solicitor________ profession.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0410003662109375pt;margin-top:3.9290008544921875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. A huge crowd turned _________ in the pouring rain to cheer the president.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-top:3.9290008544921875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">PART C. READING&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. Read the passage and choose the correct answer that best fill in the blank.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">OFFICE STRESS&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0539989471435547pt;margin-right: 1.521240234375pt;text-indent: 0.18200111389160156pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Stressful atmospheres, (1) _______ of deadlines and long hours dominate office life, according to a survey (2) _______ recently.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 0.98828125pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.4173126220703125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The majority of those questioned said a good salary and career (3) _______ were their main reason for working. But (4) _______ numbers did not believe their employers offered either. In general the survey found that most felt that (5) _______ of life was more important than (6) _______and company perks. Most would prefer employers to offer (7) _______ hours, challenging tasks and job (8) _______ rather than perks such as company cars and private health care. Many employers\u2019 (9) _______ to understand this<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.3260002136230469pt;margin-right: 1.43035888671875pt;text-indent: 0.19499969482421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">meant more than a third worried about their work on holiday, and 40 per cent took days off (10) _______when not ill.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.3260002136230469pt;margin-right: 1.18310546875pt;text-indent: 0.26000022888183594pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Workers were also (11) _______ by the conditions they had to work in. A fifth struggled with (12) _______ technology, badly lit offices and chairs which caused backache. Half said their (13) _______ would increase if their environment improved<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 1.63800048828125pt;text-indent: 0.3250007629394531pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.27569580078125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">On the plus side, the biggest (14) _______ was the friendship offered by colleagues, and it appears that the office also affords the chance to flirt with colleagues, make (15) _______ calls to friends abroad, steal stationery and play computer games.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 1.63800048828125pt;text-indent: 0.3250007629394531pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.27569580078125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 43.56719970703125pt;text-align: center;margin-top:0.37567138671875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">weight <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">force <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">heaviness <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">pressure 2. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">published <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">printed <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">publicised <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">proclaimed 3. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">outlooks <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">odds <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">prospects <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">views 4. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">important <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">impressive <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">heavy <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">significant 5. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">quality <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">calibre <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">excellence <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">worth 6. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">rank <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">status <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">degree <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">grade 7. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">pliable <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">elastic <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">amenable <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">flexible 8. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">safety <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">security <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">sanctuary <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">protection 9. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">failure <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">defeat <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">deficiency <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">lack 10. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">indisposed <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">unwell <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">injured <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">sick 11. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">pestered <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">inflamed <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">irritated <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">ruffled 12. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">behind the times <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">expired <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">out-of-date <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">invalid 13. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">fertility <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">capacity <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">value <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">productivity 14. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">compensation <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">damages <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">reimbursement <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">atonement 15. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">idiosyncratic <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">unique <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">personal <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">individual <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. Read the text and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THE FUTURE OF NEWSPAPERS&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 1.31304931640625pt;text-indent: 36.12999725341797pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.275665283203125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Anybody who says they can reliably forecast the future of newspapers is either a liar or a fool. Look at the raw figures, and newspapers seem doomed. Since 2000, the circulation of most UK national dailies has fallen by between a third and a half. The authoritative Pew Research Center in the USA reports that newspapers are now the main source of news for only 26 percent of US citizens as against 45 percent in 2001. There is no shoratge of prophets who confidently predict that the last printed newspaper will be safely buried within 15 years at most.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 1.07904052734375pt;text-indent: 36.03900146484375pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.267303466796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Yet one of the few reliable facts of history is that old media have a habit of surviving. An over exuberant New York journalist announced in 1935 that books and theatre \u2018have had their day\u2019 and the daily newspaper would become \u2018the greatest organ of social life\u2019. Theatre dully withstood not only the newspaper, but also cinema and then television. Radio has flourished in the TV age; cinema, in turn, has <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">held its own against <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">videos and DVDs. Even vinyl records have made a comeback, with online sales up 745 percent since 2008.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 0.22088623046875pt;text-indent: 35.85700225830078pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.267333984375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Newspapers themselves were once new media, although it took several centuries before they became the dominant medium for news. This was not solely because producing up-to-date news for a large readership over a wide area became praticable and economic only in the mid-19th century, with the steam press, the railway and the telegraph. Equally important was the emergence of the idea that everything around us is in constant movement and we need to be updated on its condition at regular intervals- a concept quite alien in the medieval times and probably also to most people in the early modern area. Now, we expect change. To our medieval ancestors, however, the only realities were the passing of the seasons, punctuated by catastrophes such as famine, flood or disease that they had no reliable means of anticipating. Life, as the writer Alain de Botton puts it, was \u2018ineluctably cyclical\u2019 and \u2018the most important truths were recurring\u2019.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 0.22088623046875pt;text-indent: 35.85700225830078pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.267333984375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 1.4432373046875pt;text-indent: 36.14300537109375pt;margin-top:0.2710227966308594pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Journalism as a full-time trade from which you could hope to make a living hardly existed before the 19th century. Even then, there was no obvious reason why most people needed news on a regular<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;text-indent: 0.012998580932617188pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">basis, whether daily or weekly. In some respects, regularity of newspaper publication and rigidity of format was, and remains, a burden. Online news readers can dip in and out according to how they perceive the urgency of events. Increasingly sophisticated search engines and algorithms allow us to personalise the news to our own priorities and interests. When important stories break, internet news providers can post minute-by-minute updates. Error, misconception and foolish speculation can be connected or modified almost constantly. There are no space restrictions to prevent narrative or analysis, and documents or events cited in news stories can often be accessed in full. All this is a world away from the straitjacket of newspaper publication. Yet few if any providers seem alive to the new medium\u2019s capacity for spreading understanding and enlightenment.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 1.3001708984375pt;text-indent: 36.24700164794922pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.27569580078125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Instead, the anxiety is always to be first with the news, to maximise reader comments, to create heat and sound and fury and thus add to the sense of confusion. In the medieval world what news there was was usually exchanged amid the babble of the market place or the tarven, where truth competed with rumour, mishearing and misunderstanding. In some respects, it is to that world that we seem to be returning. Newspapers have never been very good- or not as good as they ought to be- at telling us how the world works. Perhaps they now face extinction. Or perhaps , as the internet merely adds to what de Botton discribes as our sense that we live in \u2018 an improvable and fundamentally chaotic universe\u2019, they will discover that they and they alone can guide us to wisdom and understanding.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.937999725341797pt;margin-top:0.269683837890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. In the first paragragh, the writer is presenting __________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. his interpretation of a current trend.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. evidence that supports a widespread view.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. his prediction on the future of print journalism.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. reasons for the decline in newspaper readership.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. What point is the writer making in the second paragraph?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. Existing media are not necessarily replaced by new ones.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. The best media technologies tend to be the most long-lasting.v&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. Public enthusiasm for new types of media is often unpredictable.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. It is inevitable that most media technologies will have a limited life.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 5.45025634765625pt;text-indent: 0.4289989471435547pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. Which phrase in the second paragraph has the same meaning as \u2018<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">held its own against<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2019? A. \u2018had their day\u2019 B. \u2018withstood\u2019 C. \u2018flourished\u2019 D. \u2018made a comeback\u2019 4. In the third paragraph, the writer stresses the importance of __________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. a shift in people\u2019s attitudes towards the outside world.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. certain key19th- century advances in mechanisation.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. the challenges of news distribution in the pre-industrial era.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. the competition between newspapers and more established media.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0410003662109375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. What does the writer suggest is the main advantage of online news sites?&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 45.94427490234375pt;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. the flexibility of the medium B. the accuracy of the reporting C. the ease of access for their users D. <\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 45.94427490234375pt;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">the breadth of their potential readership <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. Read the passage and think of ONE word that best fits in the numbered blank. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A BELATED CONFESSION&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 8.6162109375pt;text-indent: 0.4420013427734375pt;margin-top:0.2617645263671875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u201cI have been having a crush on you for the past 4 years, I never had the <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(1)______ <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">to tell you, but I can\u2019t&nbsp; be so cowardly anymore.\u201d said Peter as he caught Helen hand in the crowd watching fireworks. Helen was taken <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(2)_______ <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">by Peter\u2019s words, both because he appeared out of nowhere and also never&nbsp; had she expected a boy, so silent and seemed uninterested in class\u2019 business, would like her. \u201cPeter? Why are you here? I thought you said you wouldn\u2019t come.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.8460006713867188pt;margin-right: 22.41412353515625pt;text-indent: -0.09099960327148438pt;margin-top:0.37564849853515625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.09099960327148438pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u201c-Listen, we don\u2019t have much time <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(3)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">_________, I\u2019m moving to another country, this will be the last&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(4)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________ we can be together until a few more years\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.8460006713867188pt;margin-top:0.41730499267578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u201cWhy didn\u2019t you tell-\u201c<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 0.71221923828125pt;text-indent: 0.29900169372558594pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u201c-I realized that I had made a mistake, a huge one. I had always been such an <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(5)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________, never made an effort to make friends, but you always tried to <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(6)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________ me, you truly changed me, and so I don\u2019t want to lose you.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.2609996795654297pt;margin-right: 11.1580810546875pt;text-indent: -0.14299964904785156pt;margin-top:0.27557373046875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.14299964904785156pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">No <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(7)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________ words were said, they slowly turned to the sky. Little does Peter know, Helen had also&nbsp; had something for him, but she had been afraid that her friends would\u2019ve teased her. Ever since her&nbsp; boyfriend <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(8)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________ her and her friends turned their back on her, Peter has always been there for her,&nbsp; he never talked much, mostly listen, but that\u2019s enough for her.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 2.33709716796875pt;text-indent: 0.11700057983398438pt;margin-top:0.26171875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">At that <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(9)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">_______ moment, she knew she didn\u2019t want to let him go, but then it was too late. He\u2019d always&nbsp; been stoic, never wanted others to worry about him, so he decided to keep it a secret before he leaves.&nbsp; That night, there wasn\u2019t <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(10)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">________ his first kiss but also her first time feeling truly cared about and&nbsp; loved.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 3.97808837890625pt;text-indent: -0.6630001068115234pt;margin-top:0.26177978515625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.6630001068115234pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">IV. In the following text, five paragraphs have been removed. Above the extract you will find the five&nbsp; removed paragraph PLUS one paragraph which doesn&#8217;t fit. Choose from the paragraphs (A-F) the one which fits each gap (1-5). There is one extra sentence you do not need to use.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0.37567138671875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 3.27606201171875pt;text-indent: 0.4159984588623047pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Industrial Revolution is the name given to the massive social, economic, and technological change in&nbsp; 18th century and 19th century Great Britain. It commenced with the introduction of steam power (fuelled&nbsp; primarily by coal) and powered, automated machinery (primarily in textile manufacturing). The technological and economic progress of the Industrial Revolution gained momentum with the&nbsp; introduction of steam-powered ships, boats and railways. In the 19th Century it spread throughout&nbsp; Western Europe and North America, eventually impacting the rest of the world.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9370002746582031pt;margin-top:0.267303466796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">CAUSES<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.8069992065429688pt;margin-right: 1.80706787109375pt;text-indent: -0.11700057983398438pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.11700057983398438pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The causes of the Industrial Revolution were complex and remain a topic for debate, with some historians&nbsp; seeing the Revolution as an outgrowth of social and institutional changes wrought by the final end of&nbsp; feudalism in Great Britain following the English Civil War in the 17th century.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.8069992065429688pt;margin-right: 16.47100830078125pt;text-indent: -0.07800102233886719pt;margin-top:0.275665283203125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.07800102233886719pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Enclosure movement and the British Agricultural Revolution made food production more efficient&nbsp; and less labor-intensive, forcing the surplus population who could no longer find employment in&nbsp; agriculture into the cities to seek work in the newly developed factories.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 2.1319580078125pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The colonial expansion of the 17th century with the accompanying development of international trade,&nbsp; creation of financial markets and accumulation of capital is also cited as a set of factors, as is the scientific revolution of the 17th century.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 10.01007080078125pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;margin-top:0.275634765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The importance of a large domestic market should also be considered an important cause catalyst of the&nbsp; Industrial Revolution, particularly explaining why it occurred in Britain. In other nations (e.g. France),&nbsp; markets were split up by local regions often imposing tolls and tariffs on goods traded among them. The&nbsp; restructuring of the American domestic market would trigger the second Industrial Revolution over 100&nbsp; years later.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 10.01007080078125pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;margin-top:0.275634765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0.3756561279296875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">EFFECTS<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 6.9420166015625pt;text-indent: 0.4159984588623047pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The application of steam power to the industrial processes of printing supported a massive expansion of&nbsp; newspaper and popular book publishing, which reinforced rising literacy and demands for mass political&nbsp; participation. Universal white male suffrage was adopted in the United States, resulting in the election of&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 30.71893310546875pt;text-indent: 0.15599822998046875pt;margin-top:0.3756561279296875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">the popular General Andrew Jackson in 1828 and the creation of political parties organized for mass&nbsp; participation in elections.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.2749996185302734pt;margin-top:0.4173126220703125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. ________________&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 4.6409912109375pt;text-indent: 0.22100067138671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">In France, the July Revolution widened the franchise and established a constitutional monarchy. Belgium&nbsp; established its independence from the Netherlands, as a constitutional monarchy, in 1830. Struggles for&nbsp; liberal reforms in Switzerland&#8217;s various cantons in the 1830s had mixed results. A further series of&nbsp; attempts at political reform or revolution would sweep Europe in 1848, with mixed results, and initiated&nbsp; massive migration to North America, as well as parts of South America, South Africa, and Australia. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">TEXTILE MANUFACTURE<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.391000747680664pt;margin-right: 2.47003173828125pt;text-indent: 0.3509998321533203pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">In the early 18th century, British textile manufacture was based on wool which was processed by&nbsp; individual artisans, doing the spinning and weaving on their own premises. This system is called a cottage industry. Flax and cotton were also used for fine materials, but the processing was difficult because of the&nbsp; pre-processing needed, and thus goods in these materials made only a small proportion of the output. Use of the spinning wheel and hand loom restricted the production capacity of the industry, but a number&nbsp; of incremental advances increased productivity to the extent that manufactured cotton goods became the&nbsp; dominant British export by the early decades of the 19th century. India was displaced as the premier&nbsp; supplier of cotton goods.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 4.7060546875pt;text-indent: 0.6890010833740234pt;margin-top:0.381591796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Step by step, individual inventors increased the efficiency of the individual steps of spinning (carding,&nbsp; twisting and spinning, and subsequently rolling) so that the supply of yarn fed a weaving industry that&nbsp; itself was advancing with improvements to shuttles and the loom or &#8216;frame&#8217;. The output of an individual&nbsp; labourer increased dramatically, with the effect that these new machines were seen as a threat to&nbsp; employment, and early innovators were attacked and their inventions wrecked. The inventors often failed&nbsp; to exploit their inventions, and fell on hard times.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7290000915527344pt;margin-top:0.38397216796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. ____________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7290000915527344pt;margin-top:0.38397216796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 1.11810302734375pt;text-indent: 0.11700057983398438pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">He created the cotton mill which brought the production processes together in a factory, and he developed&nbsp; the use of power &#8211; first horse power, then water power and finally steam power &#8211; which made cotton&nbsp; manufacture a mechanised industry.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5340003967285156pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">WHY EUROPE?<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 17.87506103515625pt;text-indent: 0.3509998321533203pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">One question that has been of active interest to historians is why the Industrial Revolution occurred in&nbsp; Europe and not in other parts of the world, particularly China. Numerous factors have been suggested&nbsp; including ecology, government, and culture. Benjamin Elman argues that China was in a high level&nbsp; equilibrium trap in which the non-industrial methods were efficient enough to prevent use of industrial&nbsp; methods with high capital costs.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 3.60107421875pt;text-indent: 0.09100151062011719pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Kenneth Pommeranz, in The Great Divergence, argues that Europe and China were remarkably similar in&nbsp; 1700, and that the crucial differences which created the Industrial Revolution in Europe were sources of&nbsp; coal near manufacturing centres and raw materials such as food and wood from the New World which&nbsp; allowed Europe to economically expand in a way that China could not. Indeed, a combination of all of&nbsp; these factors is possible.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5340003967285156pt;margin-top:0.275634765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">WHY GREAT BRITAIN?<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 2.47003173828125pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The debate around the concept of the initial startup of the Industrial Revolution also concerns the thirty to&nbsp; hundred year lead the British had over the continental European countries and America. Some have&nbsp; stressed the importance of natural or financial resources the United Kingdom received from its many&nbsp; overseas colonies or that profits from the British slave trade between Africa and the Caribbean helped fuel industrial investment.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 5.55108642578125pt;text-indent: -0.5329990386962891pt;margin-top:0.2756500244140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5329990386962891pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Alternatively, the greater liberalisation of trade from a large merchant base may have been able to utilise&nbsp; scientific and technological developments emerging in the UK and elsewhere more effectively than other&nbsp; states with stronger monarchies, such as China&#8217;s Emperors and Russia&#8217;s Tzars.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-right: 5.55108642578125pt;text-indent: -0.5329990386962891pt;margin-top:0.2756500244140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5329990386962891pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-right: 6.9549560546875pt;text-indent: 0.11699867248535156pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The UK&#8217;s extensive exporting cottage industries also ensured markets were already open for many forms&nbsp; of early manufactured goods. The nature of conflict in the period resulted in most British warfare being&nbsp; conducted overseas, reducing the devastating effects of territorial conquest impacting much of the rest of&nbsp; Europe.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4169998168945312pt;margin-right: 11.23199462890625pt;text-indent: -0.10400009155273438pt;margin-top:0.3895416259765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.10400009155273438pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Another theory believes that Great Britain was able to succeed in the Industrial Revolution due to its&nbsp; dense population for its small geographical size, and the availability of natural resources like copper, tin&nbsp; and coal, giving excellent conditions for the development and expansion of industry. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. ___________________________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0.38953399658203125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THE &#8220;PROTESTANT WORK ETHIC&#8221;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-right: 33.26702880859375pt;text-indent: 0.11700057983398438pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Another theory is that the British advance was due to the presence of an entrepreneurial class which&nbsp; believed in progress, technology and hard work. The existence of this class is often linked to the&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 13.7669677734375pt;text-indent: 0.14300155639648438pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Protestant work ethic and the particular status of so-called Dissenter Protestant sects that had flourished&nbsp; with the English revolution.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.63800048828125pt;margin-right: 26.66302490234375pt;text-indent: -0.22099876403808594pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.22099876403808594pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Reinforcement of confidence in the rule of law, which followed the establishment of the prototype of&nbsp; constitutional monarchy in Great Britain in the Glorious Revolution of 1689, and the emergence of a&nbsp; stable financial market there based on the management of the National Debt by the Bank of England,&nbsp; contributed to the capacity for, and interest in, private financial investment in industrial ventures.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 6.56500244140625pt;text-indent: 0.26000022888183594pt;margin-top:0.3895263671875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Dissenters found themselves barred or discouraged from some public offices when the restoration of&nbsp; the monarchy took place and membership in the official Anglican church became, once more, an&nbsp; important advantage.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5469989776611328pt;margin-right: 6.56500244140625pt;text-indent: 0.26000022888183594pt;margin-top:0.3895263671875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 6.51300048828125pt;text-indent: 0.14300155639648438pt;margin-top:0.27569580078125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Historians sometimes consider this social factor to be extremely important, along with the nature of the&nbsp; national economies involved. While members of these sects were excluded from certain circles of the&nbsp; government, they were considered as fellow Protestants, to a limited extent, by many in the middle class,&nbsp; such as traditional financiers or other businessmen.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-top:0.26171875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. ________________&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4949989318847656pt;margin-right: 2.88616943359375pt;text-indent: 0.3120002746582031pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">This argument has, on the whole, tended to neglect the fact that several inventors and entrepreneurs were&nbsp; rational free thinkers or &#8220;Philosophers&#8221; typical of a certain class of British intellectuals in the late 18th&nbsp; century, and were by no means normal church goers or members of religious sects. Examples of these free thinkers were the Lunar Society of Birmingham (which flourished from 1765 to&nbsp; 1809). Its members were exceptional in that they were among the very few who were conscious that an&nbsp; industrial revolution was then taking place in Great Britain. They actively worked as a group to encourage it, not least by investing in it and conducting scientific experiments which led to innovative products. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. _______________&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-right: 16.4969482421875pt;text-indent: -0.11699867248535156pt;margin-top:0.381591796875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.11699867248535156pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Industrialization also led to the creation of the factory. One of the earliest reformers of early factory&nbsp; conditions was Robert Owen. Josiah Wedgwood was another prominent early industrialist. The factory&nbsp; system was largely responsible for the rise of the modern city, as workers migrated into the cities in&nbsp; search of employment in the factories.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"739\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:299.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.325000762939453pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">PARAGRAPH&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.104000091552734pt;margin-right: 17.86383056640625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. Given this relative tolerance and the supply of capital, the natural outlet for the more enterprising&nbsp; members of these sects would be to seek new opportunities in the technologies created in the wake of&nbsp; the Scientific revolution of the 17th century.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.221000671386719pt;margin-right: 7.84088134765625pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. To capitalize upon these advances, it took a class of entrepreneurs, of which the most famous is&nbsp; Richard Arkwright. He is credited with a list of inventions, but these were actually the products of such&nbsp; as Thomas Highs and John Kay; Arkwright nurtured the inventors, patented the ideas, financed the&nbsp; initiatives, and protected the machines.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.077999114990234pt;margin-right: 14.0548095703125pt;text-indent: 0.3899993896484375pt;margin-top:0.389556884765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. In the United Kingdom, the Reform Act 1832 addressed the concentration of population in districts&nbsp; with almost no representation in Parliament, expanding the electorate, leading to the founding of&nbsp; modern political parties and initiating a series of reforms which would continue into the 20th century. D. Furthermore, the stable political situation, in addition to the greater receptiveness of the society (as&nbsp; compared to other European countries) are reasons that add to this theory, enhancing its plausibility. E. The transition to industrialization was not wholly smooth, for in England the Luddites \u2014 workers&nbsp; who saw their livelihoods threatened \u2014 protested against the process and sometimes sabotaged&nbsp; factories.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.130001068115234pt;margin-right: 6.64483642578125pt;text-indent: 0.07799911499023438pt;margin-top:0.3816070556640625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">F. It was this process which started the urbanisation of areas in around the west of the country. As&nbsp; agricultural workers lost their jobs on the farm, they turned in increasing numbers to the city to provide&nbsp; them with employment. Many new cities sprung up as factories were built close to raw supplies such as&nbsp; coal and wool &#8211; and the people moved near the factories to find work.<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">PART D. WRITING&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning of the given one.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.937999725341797pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.509000778198242pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">It came _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-right: 113.62008666992188pt;text-indent: -0.819000244140625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.819000244140625pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. She wore a hearing-aid, even though she could hear the phone ring perfectly well.&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">She wasn\u2019t so <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">_______________________________________<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9499988555908203pt;margin-right: 139.93215942382812pt;text-indent: -0.5590019226074219pt;margin-top:0.23394775390625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5590019226074219pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. The sales man told me that my new car would be delivered next Wednesday.&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">According _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.625pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. Their chances of success are small.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.509000778198242pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">It is not _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0410003662109375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. This affair does not concern you.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.509000778198242pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">This affair is no _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 5.74615478515625pt;text-indent: -0.6889991760253906pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.6889991760253906pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning of the given one. Do not change the form of&nbsp; the given word in any way.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 5.74615478515625pt;text-indent: -0.6889991760253906pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.6889991760253906pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.937999725341797pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. My cat has lost its appetite. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(OFF)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.509000778198242pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">My cat _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-right: 79.95123291015625pt;text-indent: -0.819000244140625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.819000244140625pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. Gerald never had enough to live on until he married that rich businesswoman. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(SHORT) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Gerald _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9499988555908203pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. His reactions are quite unpredictable. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(KNOWS)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.509000778198242pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">One _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.625pt;margin-right: 85.79824829101562pt;text-indent: -0.8840007781982422pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8840007781982422pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. There are several categories of people who do not have to pay the new tax. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(EXEMPT) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">There are _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0410003662109375pt;margin-right: 134.47726440429688pt;text-indent: -0.4680004119873047pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.4680004119873047pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. Ours is the only company allowed to import these chemicals. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(MONOPOLY) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Noto Sans Symbols',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\ud83e\udc6a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Our _______________________________________.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-right: 17.6280517578125pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. Nowadays, there are many couples chosing to live together without having a baby. Is it a good thing or bad thing? What\u2019s your point of view on this issue? Write in an essay of at least&nbsp; 300 words.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THE END&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">BEST OF LUCK<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.9849853515625pt;margin-right: 27.21026611328125pt;text-indent: -298.9140319824219pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 298.9140319824219pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THPT CHUY\u00caN V\u0128NH PH\u00daC \u0110\u1ec2 THI CH\u1eccN \u0110\u1ed8I TUY\u1ec2N HSG 12 C\u1ea4P T\u1ec8NH L\u1ea6N 1 N\u0102M H\u1eccC: 2018-2019&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 20.937002182006836pt;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(\u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">M\u00f4n thi: Ti\u1ebfng Anh&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5209999084472656pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A. LISTENING (10 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"147\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.39996337890625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. damage&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. side effects&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. bridge&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. confusion&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. smartphone<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:30.4000244140625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.559001922607422pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6. resources&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.4810028076171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7. unnecessary\/&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.0780029296875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">not necessary&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.7930145263671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8. chocolate bar&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.519989013671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9. problem&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10. market share<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 0.9750003814697266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"147\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.4000244140625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. D<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR (30 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. (10 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"147\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. C<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.4000244140625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.559001922607422pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.4810028076171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.7930145263671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.519989013671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10. B<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">11. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">12. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.5210113525390625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">13. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">14. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">15. B<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.399993896484375pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">16. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">17. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.5210113525390625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">18. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">19. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.27301025390625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">20. C<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. (10 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"147\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.399993896484375pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. agonising&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. jubilation&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. robotic&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. spacecraft&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. jubilant<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.559001922607422pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6. ultra-low&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.4810028076171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7. precarious&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.7930145263671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8. touchdown&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.519989013671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9. onboard&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10. landscape<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">There are numerous <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">reason <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">behind the choice of clothing we make, ranging from the <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">practice <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">to the bizarre, but in all likelihood humans began wearing clothes in order to shield themselves <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">of <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">the elements.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.275634765625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2018The Iceman\u2019, found <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">mummifying <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">in the ice of a glacier on the Italian Austrian border in 1991, was still clad <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">with <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">remarkably well-preserved garments which would obviously have protected him from the rain and cold five thousand years ago.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.261749267578125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The clothing worn by people living in warmer climates further illustrates this basic function of clothing. In hot, dry desert regions, people tend to wear cool, flowing materials which cover much of the body, including the head. This helps keep them cool during the heat of the day and helps to keep the wearer warm at night when temperatures <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">increase<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> dramatically. On the other hand, many peoples living in tropical regions, with their constant high temperatures and humidity, are <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">sparse <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">clothed.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.3756561279296875pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Not all clothing is functional, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">moreover<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">, and at different times throughout history people, especially women, have worn clothes which are impractical \u2013 restricting the wearer\u2019s movements and in some cases <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">cause<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> physical discomfort. Examples of such restrictive clothing can be seen in the hooped and corseted gowns worn by wealthy women in the 18th century, and in the opulent, heavy robes traditionally worn by <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">royalties<\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">. Such customs send a clear message that the wearer does not need to work but occupies a position in society <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">that <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">others can be commanded to work for them.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0.2756500244140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">IV. (5 points)<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">0. reasons&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. practical&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. from&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. mummified&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. in&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:89.42900085449219pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. plummet \/drop\/fall&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:14.72900390625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6. sparsely&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7. however&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:14.728988647460938pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8. causing&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:29.628997802734375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9. royalty&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:14.728996276855469pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10. where&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-top:14.728996276855469pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><br><\/span><\/p><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:17.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. away&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. in&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.532989501953125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. down&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. by&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. out<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.9370002746582031pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">C. READING (30 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. (10 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><col width=\"85\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.4000244140625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.273002624511719pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2.A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3.C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2079925537109375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4.D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5.A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.558990478515625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6.B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.480987548828125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7.D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.792999267578125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8.B<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.520000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9.A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.521003723144531pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10.D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">11.C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">12.C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">13.D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">14.A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td colspan=\"2\" style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">15.C<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:17.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.532989501953125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. A<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. (10 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"147\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><col width=\"148\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:15.5pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. guts\/courage&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. aback&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.5330047607421875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. left&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. night&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. introvert<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><tr style=\"height:15.39996337890625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.559001922607422pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">6. befriend&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.4810028076171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">7. more&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.7930145263671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">8. dumped\/left&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.519989013671875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">9. very&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.52099609375pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">10. only<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">IV. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"margin-left:0.8169994354248047pt;\" align=\"left\"><table style=\"border:none;border-collapse:collapse;\"><colgroup><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><col width=\"150\"><col width=\"144\"><\/colgroup><tbody><tr style=\"height:17.4000244140625pt\"><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 7.520999908447266pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. C&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2729949951171875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. B&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.532989501953125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. D&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.2080078125pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. A&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/td><td style=\"border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 6.623992919921875pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. E<\/span><\/p><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5860004425048828pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">D. WRITING (30 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">I. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.937999725341797pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. It came as no surprise to me that Harry had failed his driving test.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. She wasn\u2019t so deaf\/hard of hearing that she couln\u2019t hear the phone.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.625pt;margin-right: 120.86111450195312pt;text-indent: 0.3249988555908203pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. According to the salesman my new car would\/will be delivered next Wednesday. 4. It is not (very) likely (that) they will succeed.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.0410003662109375pt;margin-top:0.41729736328125pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">5. This affair is no concern\/business of yours.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6770000457763672pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">II. (5 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.937999725341797pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. My cat has gone\/is <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">OFF <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">its food.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.6900005340576172pt;margin-right: 75.95623779296875pt;text-indent: -0.2599983215332031pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.2599983215332031pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. Gerald was (always) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">SHORT <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">of money until\/before he married that rich businesswoman. 3. One never <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">KNOWS <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">how he is going to\/will\/may\/might react.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5729999542236328pt;margin-right: 69.3642578125pt;text-indent: -0.05200004577636719pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.05200004577636719pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. There are several categories of people who are <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">EXEMPT <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">from (paying) the new tax. 5. Our company has got (the\/a) <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">MONOPOLY <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">of\/on\/over the importation of these chemicals. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">III. (20 points)&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.5729999542236328pt;margin-right: 69.3642578125pt;text-indent: -0.05200004577636719pt;margin-top:0.2340087890625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.05200004577636719pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 2.2749996185302734pt;margin-top:0.375640869140625pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">1. Content: (35% of total mark)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">a. Providing all main ideas and details as required&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">b. Communicating intentions sufficiently and effectively&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7290000915527344pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2. Organization &amp; Presentation: (30% of total mark)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">a. Ideas are well organized and presented with coherence, cohesion, and clarity&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">b. The essay is well-structured&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">3. Language: (30% of total mark)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.858999252319336pt;margin-right: 125.87905883789062pt;text-indent: 0.0260009765625pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">a. Demonstration of a variety of vocabulary and structures appropriate to the level&nbsp; of English language gifted upper-secondary school students&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-top:0.2339935302734375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">b. Good use and control of grammatical structures&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.7420005798339844pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">4. Handwriting, punctuation, and spelling (5% of total mark)&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.885000228881836pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">a. Intelligible handwriting&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-left: 1.4039993286132812pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">b. Good punctuation and no spelling mistakes&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;margin-right: 25.820068359375pt;text-indent: 4.301000595092773pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Markers should discuss the suggested answers and the marking scale thoroughly before marking the&nbsp; paper.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.2;text-align: center;margin-top:0.2339935302734375pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman';color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">THE END<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[69,66],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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