\t<\/span>D. I\u2019m leaning towards<\/font><\/p>Which word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) is incorrect?<\/p>
26. They are (A) two in (B) a kind (C), talkative and (D) lazy.<\/p>
27. Uranus is the lonely (A) planet in the (B) solar system which is tipped (C) on its (D) side.<\/p>
28. Your ideas (A), as (B) hers, seem unusual (C) to (D) me.<\/p>
29. Leonardo da Vinci is (A) a man who (B) became as irreplaceable in (C) art as (D) he was in all of our hearts.<\/p>
30. When my car broke down (A), I had to get over (B) the city using (C) public transport (D).<\/p>
PART II: WORD FORM (30 pts)<\/p>
A. Fill in the blank with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets (10 pts):<\/p>
31. Mary continues to waste her time __________. (responsibility)<\/p>
32. Is it __________ to tip waiters in your country? (custom)<\/p>
33. The balance between print and online __________ has shifted substantially in recent years. (read)<\/p>
34. We live in a toughly __________ world. (compete)<\/p>
35. Maps are __________ a language of power. (preeminence)<\/p>
36. The US has a __________ economy. (capital)<\/p>
37. She remained __________ to her studies despite numerous challenges. (commitment)<\/p>
38. We\u2019ve __________ so much rubbish over the years. (accumulation)<\/p>
39. The body of human being is easily __________ to strange substances. (sense)<\/p>
40. He pled \u2018not guilty\u2019 and was released on his own __________. (recognize)<\/p>
B. Put the words given in the correct blanks. In some blanks, you must use the correct form of word to make a meaningful passage. There are two extra words that you cannot use. (20 pts)<\/p>
remark\t<\/span>notably\t<\/span>be\t<\/span>evaporate\t<\/span>life<\/font><\/p>manufacturable\t<\/span>contain\t<\/span>possibility\t<\/span>expense\t<\/span>confront<\/font><\/p>While most desert animals will drink water if (41) __________ with it, for many of them the opportunity never comes. All (42) __________ things must have water, or they will expire. The herbivores find it in desert plants. The carnivores slake their thirst with the flesh and blood of living prey. One of the most (43) __________ adjustments, however, has (44) __________ made by the tiny kangaroo rat, who not only lives without drinking but subsists on dry seeds (45) __________ about 5% free water. Like other animals, he has the ability to (46) __________ water in his body by a metabolic conversion of carbohydrates. But he is (47) __________ for the parsimony with which he conserves his small supply by every (48) __________ means, (49) __________ only minuscule amounts in his excreta and through (50) __________ from his respiratory tract.<\/p>
III: CLOZE TESTS (20 pts)<\/p>
A. GUIDED CLOZE TEST<\/p>
Read the passage and choose the best option (A, B, C, or D) for each blank:<\/p>
The importance of drawing<\/p>
In the 19th century, John Ruskin, an English writer and art critic, made great efforts to encourage people to draw. He believed that drawing was a skill that was greatly neglected in schools and claimed that it was more important to the human (51) __________ than writing.<\/p>
In order to do something to improve the (52) __________, he published two books on drawing and gave a series of lectures at the Working Men\u2019s College in London. His books were (53) __________ read, and his lectures (54) __________ a large audience. This further (55) __________ Ruskin\u2019s belief that everybody should be given the opportunity to learn how to draw.<\/p>
Ruskin\u2019s efforts were not (56) __________ at turning people into good artists but at making them happier. For him, drawings were of value even when they were done by people with no talent, as drawing teaches people to (57) __________ things rather than just to see them. He felt that when we are involved in the process of drawing something, we have to look at it very (58) __________ and become aware of the different parts which (59) __________ up the whole. It is this way that we (60) __________ to a deeper appreciation and understanding of thing itself.<\/p>
51.\t<\/span>A. family\t<\/span>B. people\t<\/span>C. race\t<\/span>D. beings<\/font><\/p>52.\t<\/span>A. state\t<\/span>B. condition\t<\/span>C. case\t<\/span>D. situation<\/font><\/p>53.\t<\/span>A. vastly\t<\/span>B. broadly\t<\/span>C. immensely\t<\/span>D. widely<\/font><\/p>54.\t<\/span>A. gained\t<\/span>B. collected\t<\/span>C. attracted\t<\/span>D. brought<\/font><\/p>55.\t<\/span>A. strengthened\t<\/span>B. raised\t<\/span>C. ensured\t<\/span>D. grew<\/font><\/p>56.\t<\/span>A. designed\t<\/span>B. aimed\t<\/span>C. pointed\t<\/span>D. intended<\/font><\/p>57.\t<\/span>A. observe\t<\/span>B. regard\t<\/span>C. witness\t<\/span>D. look<\/font><\/p>58.\t<\/span>A. closely\t<\/span>B. distinctly\t<\/span>C. definitely\t<\/span>D. exactly<\/font><\/p>59.\t<\/span>A. work\t<\/span>B. set\t<\/span>C. make\t<\/span>D. take<\/font><\/p>60.\t<\/span>A. arrive\t<\/span>B. come\t<\/span>C. reach\t<\/span>D. achieve<\/font><\/p>B. OPEN CLOZE TEST: Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word to make a meaningful passage:<\/p>
Air pollution is a well-known problem, but now, light pollution is also causing concern. Light pollution (61) __________ because there are many electric lights around us which are so powerful (62) __________ they stop us seeing the stars in the night sky. It is now such a problem that in some places people (63) __________ outdoor lighting is too bright and could even get given a heavy fine. Business owners, supermarkets, and (64) __________ homeowners who install security lights may face legal action if their lights are (65) __________ bright that they spoil their neighbours\u2019 enjoyment of the night sky. Amazingly, many children (66) __________ up in big cities today have never seen the night sky properly because of the increase in light pollution. And it is (67) __________ only in cities \u2013 people in the countryside are also affected by lights from nearby towns. It\u2019s a problem for those simply (68) __________ to enjoy the stars, and for serious astronomers as well. One university in the UK has (69) __________ up with an interesting solution. It has built a telescope in the Canary Islands and (70) __________ schools to use this via the internet. But it does seem ridiculous that children can\u2019t see the stars properly without using their computers.<\/p>
PART IV: READING COMPREHENSION (10 pts)<\/p>
There are many theories of aging, but virtually all fall into the category of being hypotheses with a minimum of supporting evidence. One viewpoint is that aging occurs as the body\u2019s organ systems become less efficient. Thus, failures in the immune system, hormonal system, and nervous system could all produce characteristics that we associate with aging. Following a different vein, many current researchers are looking for evidence at the cellular and subcellular level. It has been shown that cells such as human fibroblasts (generalized tissue cells) grown in culture divide only a limited number of times and then die. (Only cancerous tissue cells are immortal in this respect.) Fibroblast cells from an embryo divide more times than those taken from an adult. Thus, some researchers believe that aging occurs at the cellular level and is part of the cell\u2019s genetic makeup. Any event that disturbs the cell\u2019s genetic machinery such as mutation, damaging chemicals in the cell\u2019s environment, or loss of genetic material, could cause cells to lose their ability to divide and thus bring on aging. Other theories of aging look at different processes.<\/p>
Chronological aging refers to the passage of time since birth and is usually measured in years. While chronological age can be useful in estimating the average status of a large group of people, it is a poor indicator of an individual person\u2019s status because there is a tremendous amount of variation from one individual to the next in regard to the rate at which biological age changes occur. For example, on average, aging results in people losing much of their ability to perform strenuous activities, yet some elderly individuals are excellent marathon runners.<\/p>
Another type of aging is cosmetic aging, which consists of changes in outward appearance with advantage age. This includes changes in the body and changes in other aspects of a person\u2019s appearance, such as the style of hair, the thickness, the type of eyeglasses, and the use of a hearing aid. Like chronological aging, it is frequently used to estimate the degree to which other types of aging have occurred. However, it is an inaccurate indicator for either purpose because of variation among individuals and because a person\u2019s appearance is affected by many factors that are not part of aging, including illness, poor nutrition, and exposure to sunlight.<\/p>
71. The author believes the theories of aging are __________.<\/p>
A. well-supported hypotheses\t<\/span>B. poorly supported hypotheses<\/font><\/p>C. proven theories\t<\/span>D. interesting idea<\/font><\/p>72. In line 5, the word evidence refers to __________.<\/p>
A. Evidence of human fibroblasts\t<\/span>B. Evidence of cell division<\/font><\/p>